ANSI Lumens: Don’t believe anything you read…

by Gary Kayye, CTS

 

 

 

 

About two months ago, I was in the market for a new laptop. So, what did I do? I made a list of all the features and specifications that my new laptop needed to meet and created a spreadsheet with all the possible manufacturers that could “fit the bill”. Then I went onto the web and spent an evening filling in my spreadsheet with all the possible contenders. And, the outcome? Well, I bought another Dell mostly because of the satisfaction I have enjoyed when dealing with their impeccable technical support team.

Well, a few nights ago, a friend from Disney called me, and asked if I could help narrow down his department’s search for a new projection system and give him a list of manufacturers and specifications to look for when doing his search. I obliged him and we started brainstorming over the phone. After spending about an hour on the phone with him, I came to an interesting, but frustrating, realization. It is almost impossible to do an apples-to-apples comparison of features and performance in our industry. Why? It’s simple, no standards. Ok, we do have the ANSI Lumens standards, and some manufacturers are even starting to use them, but in reality, they're useless if not specified with the contrast ratio.

But, even if we include ANSI Lumens as a standard, that brings our total to, well, ONE. One standard. Imagine buying a laptop that was specified to perform at 330Mhz only to find out a month later that it was actually only 166 MHz. I bet you would be pretty upset. Well, what’s the difference in that example and buying a projector specified to output 650 lumens and, after setting it side by side with the 500 lumens projector you purchased a month ago, you see that the new projector is actually dimmer! So, what’s the difference?

Well, I don’t want to pick on the projector manufacturers as in many cases it’s not actually their fault and, that’s not the point of this article. But the projector example is only one single product and one single example. Now, put yourself in the shoes of someone who designs, specifies and sells systems with over 50 professional AV products in a typical application and virtually none of them with standards. What do you have? The day to day perils of the average AV contractor today.

If you think you’re confused, imagine having to integrate 50 non-standard products without standardized specifications into a system and trying to guarantee a customer it will work, even though the system is using products that he/she has never integrated together before. And, to top it all off, because virtually every system the typical AV contractor does today is custom and there aren’t any standards, in many cases, each manufacturer must be called one-by-one to insure compatibility.

The solution is really rather complicated as there isn’t a governing body for the professional AV industry and there isn’t an active “standards committee” that is addressing all the issues of specifications and how they should be measured, displayed and quoted in a cut-sheet or a product catalog. In addition, it’s not really the fault of any of the manufacturers, as many of them actually have to create new terms and labels to explain totally new technology in the first place. For example, the term “computer-video interface” was created by COVID back in 1986 to label the technology used to convert a computer’s TTL video signal to analog. Since then, every major computer-video interface manufacturer has adopted that term to label their line of computer analog video converters. And where do you think the term “line doubling” came from? Well, Faroudja of course. They invented the first line doubler in 1989 and since then, at least 15 other line doubler manufacturers have adopted the term.

In Jeffrey Moore’s Crossing the Chasm (the high-tech marketing “bible”) he described the development of a market and an industry for that matter. Right now, the Pro AV market customer base is made up of what Moore labeled early adopters and innovators. We need to force ourselves into eventually adopting standards beyond today’s recommended practices so that we can move our market towards the early majority customers so that we can continue to enjoy the same growth we have since the early 90’s. I will certainly support any industry efforts in this direction and hope that either ICIA or NSCA will take a leadership role in developing these “standards”.

Case in point, did you know there’s a manufacturer of cable out there that is actually promoting “liquid cooled cable”? They even claim that their liquid cooling method leads to super-high performance and unparalleled quality. Well, since when do liquid and electricity produce anything good? What’s all this mean? It just underscores the need for some “standardization” and maybe even (dare I say it) some regulation to protect us all from the marketing hype that surrounds the stuff we read in the average cut-sheet. However, in the mean time, the standards don’t exist and the potential compatibility problems are endless.

In fact, there are a number of manufacturers who have developed a complete market from the lack of standards. So, business is still good. On the other hand, lack of compatibility wreaks havoc on the system designers and installers whose jobs, reputations and work is on the line.

So, until standards arrive, here are a few tips and tricks to help make everyone’s life a bit easier:

1. Get to know to glue: There are a number of key driving-force manufacturers that are providing the glue to connect all these incompatible systems together and can make life much easier on a designer and installer. Control System companies like AMX and Crestron for example. Both companies unfortunately use different control protocols and proprietary programming languages, but their product has become remarkably easy to program over the past few years. Crestron’s simple-to-program system is called the SmartTouch and AMX’s is the new ViewPoint system.

In addition, companies like Extron, Altinex CSI and Covid make high-resolution connection and converter boxes but even more importantly, each offer FREE technical support and an incredibly knowledgeable support staff. Some standout products from each of these companies include the Installation Cable from Extron (designed to be the one and only cable you will even need in an installation as it is capable of carrying high-res video, RGB, S-video, audio, data and control signals down one bundle of cable. CSI’s Deuce and ScanDo Ultra offer scan conversion outputs so that any computer or video signal can be connected to any projector or monitor regardless of resolution or input type. Altinex simplifies computer-video interfacing by offering a single wall-plate interface capable of routing RGB, video, audio (line, PC level or Mic level), control and data at the same time. And Covid’s new ISDN router that simplifies a videoconferencing installation by providing a remote controllable ISDN matrix switcher. Of course, each of these companies makes hundreds of other products that can make life easier and I only highlighted a few of them. So, go check out their web sites or call and order a catalog from them. And, carry it wherever you go.

2. Do it 5-Wire: Whenever you’re designing a system using computer-video signal distribution, and of course most do, route all signals as five wire (RGBHV) instead of four wire (RGBS). Why? Well, there are a number of reasons why this can solve compatibility issues, but the most common issue is noise. Most computer-video signals are output as analog video (RGB) and TTL or digital level sync (HV). Well, when you send that combined (S) TTL level sync long distances through one wire, they tend to have cross talk as the signal degrades over distance. If you route everything as separate H and V sync, the potential for cross talk is eliminated. In addition, many of the leading projector manufacturers will tell you that their inputs are more stable and noise-free if you connect your signals as separate H and V signals as opposed to composite Sync. You will get a cleaner picture 99 out of 100 times with separate sync routing and doing it 5-wire (RGBHV).

3. Cable Up: The weakest link in every system is the cable. In fact, the highest resolution cable on the market theoretically isn’t capable of carrying the super high-resolution signals of SXGA and the future UVGA. In fact, the rule of thumb for video bandwidth is three times the source bandwidth. So, keeping that in mind, an XGA computer has a video bandwidth of about 100 MHz. So, using the rule of thumb, you need to use 300 MHz cable to maintain signal integrity. So, why skimp? Knowing that’s it’s already the performance-limiting factor of a system, use the best stuff you can get your hands on. Every major cable vendor makes what they call super, high-resolution coax cable that, although it’s typically thick, it’s high performance oriented. High performance cable manufacturers include Belden, WestPenn, Canare, and Covid’s Cactus Cable brand.

4. Simplify by Design: More isn’t always better and in many cases makes a system complicated. It’s well documented in the consumer electronics industry that greater than 80% of the population has a VCR sitting in their house with a “blinking 12:00”. Why? Well, it’s certainly not because of continuous power outages. In fact, it’s because most people can’t figure out how to program the clock. So, keeping that in mind, you can design and install a system with 100 components and think the way to solve the complexity is simply to use a control system. Yes, a control system can solve the problem but Keep It Simple. A cool-looking LCD touch-screen may look awesome sitting on the boardroom table, but if the only person who knows how to use it is out sick or the batteries die, what’s next? Well, consider redundant control with the touch of a button: good, old-fashioned, push buttons. Even if it take a lot of buttons, label each one so that anyone can figure out how to make the system work and then voila, simplicity. KISC: Keep It Simple for the CEO.

5. Get in a rut: There’s something to be said for redundancy. Of course, no two systems are ever exactly alike, unless you make them that way. Why not standardize on a packaged system design and stick with it. OK, maybe you will lose a few custom systems but if you package the system right, you may just end up with a system that will fit 90% of the same applications. In other words, “cookie-cutter” systems may not be cool but they sure can be profitable and simple. In addition, think of the reduction of the “learning-curve” for new Installer training.

6. Read the newsletters: Most major manufacturers have better newsletters than catalogs. That’s because the marketing department designs the catalog and the product development or education department writes the newsletter. Trust me, not too many engineers who design the stuff ever actually ever see the cut-sheet before it goes to print. However, newsletters tend to be a little bit more technically oriented. One of the best out there is Da-Lite’s Angles of View. Written by Kim Milliken of Da-Lite, Angles of View covers more than just projection screen issues. In fact, he regularly addresses issues like projector installation, ambient lighting concerns, resolution, scaling, facility design and even audio. Again, call every major, manufacturer you deal with and get on their subscription list. They are FREE and informative.

7. Go to INFOCOMM and NSCA: I have always found it perplexing how so many dealers and contractors will send the management of their company to INFOCOMM but not send the installers and designers. Who needs to see the product anyway? When was the last time the owner of your company installed something? Now, I know there are exceptions, but I am sure you get the point.

Some people in our industry argue that when we have standards, the market will no longer be profitable. In addition, standards will lead to retail distribution of the Professional AV gear. I don’t buy that argument and, in fact, I think the very opposite could occur. I think that a lack of standards eventually breeds confusion. Confusion breeds indecision. Indecision leads to a market recession and a recession begets a lack of profitability. However, an informed, educated consumer is much more likely to buy something and even spend more money for it to get personalized service.


Gary Kayye is Principal of Kayye Consulting a firm that specializes in providing marketing consulting and training development to the professional audiovisual industry.